Societa Podistica Lazio was founded on January 9th, 1900, located in the Prati district in Rome. The club was a team at the amateur level, until it became a league club in 1912 when it was announced that the Italian Football Federation began organising championships throughout the central and southern regions of Italy and it made it to in the semi-finals of the National Championship at three occasions, however it did not win the championship, and lost on 1913, to Pro Vercelli, in 1914 to Casale and then in 1923 against Genoa 1893.
It was 1927 and Lazio was the one major Roman club to resist the Fascist regime's efforts to combine all teams of the city into what would eventually become A.S. Roma the same year.
The club was part of the first organized Serie A in 1929 and under the leadership of famous Italian player Silvio Piola, the team achieved the second place finish in 1937, the highest score before the war.
The 1950s saw a mixture of top and middle table results. There was the Coppa Italia triumph in 1958. Lazio was delegated to the Serie B for the very first time, in the year 1961 into the Serie B, but returned to the top division two years after. After a string of mid-table spots and a second relegation was followed in the 1970-71 season. Returning back to Serie A in 1972-73, Lazio immediately became surprise contenders in an Scudetto in the Scudetto competition to Milan as well as Juventus in 1972-73. They only losing on the last game of the year with a squad that included Captain Giuseppe Wilson, as well as midfielders Luciano Re Cecconi and Mario Frustalupi. Also included was striker Giorgio Chinaglia, and head coach Tommaso Maestrelli. Lazio made improvements to its success in the next season, and won the first time that it won a title in 1973-74. But the the tragic loss of Re Cecconi and Scudetto trainer Maestrelli along with the demise of Chinaglia could be an unforgiving triple blow to Lazio. The return of Bruno Giordano during this period brought some relief when Giordano was the League highest scorer in 1979, as Lazio placed 8th.
Lazio were forced to drop to Serie B in 1980 due to an infamous scandal involving betting illegally on their own games as well as Milan. They were in the second division of Italy for three seasons during the darkest period in the history of Lazio. They returned in 1983, and secure an escape from losing their place the next season. The 1984-85 season was difficult, ending with 15 points and a last-place in the final standings.
The year 1986 was the one when Lazio suffered an 8% deduction (a real death blow back on the day after the two-point victory) for a gambling scandal which involved player Claudio Viazzani. A gruelling fight to avoid relegation was followed by the same campaign with Serie B, with the club helmed by coach Eugenio Fascetti avoiding the losing its place to Serie C after play-off wins against Taranto as well as Campobasso. It was a turning moment in the club's history as Lazio back in Serie A in 1988 and under the shrewd financial control by Gianmarco Calleri reaffirmation of the club's status as a top-flight contender.
It was the arrival of Sergio Cragnotti in 1992 changed the course of the club's history thanks to his investment in new players that made the club a Scudetto contender. One of the most notable transfers during his tenure was the snatching from English midfielder Paul Gascoigne from Tottenham Hotspur for PS5.5 million. Gascoigne's move to Lazio is believed to be the reason for the growing enthusiasm for Serie A in the United Kingdom in the early 1990s. Cragnotti often broke records in search of players that were considered to be top players - Juan Sebastian Veron for PS18 million, Christian Vieri for PS19 million, and also breaking the world record for transfer in only a couple of weeks to acquire Hernan Crespo, who was a player from Parma in the sum of PS35 million.
Lazio was Serie A runners-up in 1995 then third in 1996 as well as fourth place in 1997. Then losing the title by only one goal to Milan in the final championship match in 1999. However having players like Sinisa Mihajlovic, Alessandro Nesta, Marcelo Salas and Pavel Nedved as players that won its third Scudetto in 2000. It also won winning the Coppa Italia double with Sven-Goran Eriksson (1997-2001) as the manager.
Lazio also won two additional Coppa Italia wins in the years 1998 and 2004 and also won the final winner of the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1999. They also made it to the UEFA Cup, but lost 3-3 to Internazionale.
Additionally, Lazio won the Supercoppa Italiana twice, and also defeated Manchester United in 1999 to take home the UEFA Super Cup.
The year 2000 saw Lazio is also also the very first Italian football club to be listed by the Italian Piazza Affari stock market.
The money was running out, however, the club's performance gradually deteriorated over the course of. In 2002 an accounting scandal involving Cragnotti and his food-related products multinational Cirio caused him to quit the club. Lazio was managed from 2004 onwards by caretaker financial managers as well as a pool of bank funds. The club was forced to sell their top players, including fan-favourite Captain Alessandro Nesta. In 2004, the entrepreneur Claudio Lotito acquired the majority of the club.
The club in 2006 made it to play in the 2007 UEFA Cup under coach Delio Rossi. However, the club was omitted from European tournaments due to the involvement of their club in a match fixing scandal.
In the 2006-07 season despite a reduction in points deductions later, Lazio achieved a third-place finishing, which earned them a ticket for the UEFA Champions League third qualifying round. They defeated Dinamo Bucuresti to reach the group stage, and finished fourth in the group made up from Real Madrid, Werder Bremen and Olympiacos. The league did not go any better as the team spent majority of the time in the bottom of the table, triggering the protests of fansand finishing with the Serie A season in 12th position. In the 2008-09 season Lazio took home their fifth Coppa Italia, beating Sampdoria in the final.
Lazio began the 2009-10 campaign by playing in Lazio in the Supercoppa Italiana against Inter in Beijing and won the match by 2-1. Goals came from Matuzalem as well as Tommaso Rocchi.
Lazio took home their 2012-13 Coppa Italia with a 1-0 win over their the rivals Roma with the only goal scored by Senad Lulic. Lazio also won their 2019-19 Coppa Italia 2-0 over Atalanta which was their seventh win overall.
On the 22nd of December, Lazio won their fifth Supercoppa Italiana title, following the 3-1 win over Juventus. Lazio had a surprise title challenge in this year's Serie A season. The team's performance was poor after the start of Serie A campaign after the COVID-19 suspension caused Lazio lose their title chase. On the 24th of July, 2020 Lazio was selected for the Champions League for the first time in 12 years, after having a top 4 finish.